Unit 4 Assignment – Clinical Preparation Tool, ist what DSM diagnosis the tool/instrument is used for, Identify an assessment/diagnosis instrument.
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Instructions
Choose one diagnosis from the Anxiety Disorders Group
- American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
- Scan Pages 189-233
Overview?
As you will learn throughout the program, the diagnosis of a variety of psychiatric illnesses is not always an easy or straightforward process. Multiple observations and assessment methods are often employed to reach a diagnosis. This approach can include the use of standardized assessment instruments.? Does this then aid you in defining a treatment plan and choosing specific treatment plans to use in the care of your clients.?
You are tasked with identifying a standardized assessment instrument/tool to measure the disorders listed for each week. You will keep these instruments in the form of a “portfolio” that you can use in your clinical practice to assess clients who present with a variety of symptoms.?
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Instructions:
Instrument/ Tool criteria
For each assessment, you are tasked with selecting, you will identify an instrument and:?
- List what DSM diagnosis the tool/instrument is used for
- Identify an assessment/diagnosis instrument
- Appraise a scholarly, peer-reviewed article that addresses the use of the instrument to support your choice as an evidence-based instrument for practice.?
- Evaluate the instrument’s appropriateness for diagnosing the condition it is designed to assess or if the developers of the instrument reported that the instrument is only part of a comprehensive assessment for the disorder.?
- Describe whether or not the instrument can be used to measure patient response to therapy/treatment or if it is strictly for assessment and diagnosis.?
- Discuss the psychometrics/scoring of the instrument, including reliability and validity.?
- Discuss any limitations associated with the use of the instrument.
- Include a link to view the assessment if possible.
Use the following template in completing your portfolio assignments. Your information can be in bulleted format or just a couple of sentences for each?criterion?listed above.?However,?you must use APA citations.? You are NOT required to write this in a paper format.? Turn in one document for each week’s topics.? (However, create a file on your desktop to compile your portfolio as you move through the term.)? This will ensure you can have easy access to show the full portfolio and once you begin clinicals and practice. Throughout the program, you will continue to add to the portfolio in each course.
Anxiety and Related Disorders
DSM Diagnosis: Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Instrument: General Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) Scale
Article: Using Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) and GAD-7 in a Primary Care Setting
Appropriateness for Dx: General Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) Scale was developed to measure general anxiety symptoms across different settings and populations (Sapra et al., 2020). Due to the high comorbidity rate, the use of GAD-7 is effective. The primary feature of GAD is worry, a process found across psychological disorders and is, therefore, trans-diagnostic. GAD-7 can reliably measure GAD symptoms in the psychiatric and general population. It is also short and easy to use or administer and based on DSM-IV criteria for recognizing likely GAD cases. Therefore, it can be used in remote health surveys, primary care settings, and epidemiologic studies.
Response to Therapy/Treatment: The tool is primarily used to diagnose generalized anxiety disorder and assess its severity, but it can also be used to track the progress or response to therapy or treatment by monitoring vital signs or symptoms.
Psychometrics: GAD-7 has seven items measuring worry and anxiety symptoms. The seven symptoms are:
- Feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge.
- Being able to stop or control worrying.
- Worrying too much about different things.
- Trouble relaxing.
- Being restless.
- Becoming easily annoyed or irritable.
- Feeling afraid as if something awful might happen.
Every item is scored on a four-point Likert scale (0-3), and the total scores range from 0 to 21. The higher scores reflect greater anxiety severity. Scores above ten are perceived to be in the normal range. GAD-7 demonstrates good reliability, sensitivity, and construct validity. According to Sapra et al. (2020), it assumes an excellent 89% sensitivity and an 82% specificity for GAD.
Limitations: GAD-7 is mainly used to diagnose one anxiety disorder (GAD), although many patients have other anxiety disorders like social phobia and PTSD. The results of GAD-7 diagnoses require further evaluation for confirmation.
References
Sapra, A., Bhandari, P., Sharma, S., Chanpura, T., & Lopp, L. (2020). Using Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) and GAD-7 in a Primary Care Setting. Cureus, 12(5), e8224. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8224
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